Marking the annual remembrance of the Circassian Genocide on 21 May, this special two-part interview brings together Prof. Dr. Walter Richmond, a leading authority on Caucasian history and the Circassian question, and Prof. Dr. Lidia Zhigunova. Throughout the two episodes, they discuss the Circassian Genocide, the Russian Empire’s policies in the Caucasus, the significance of historical documents, cultural destruction, contemporary memory politics, and the realities of the modern Circassian diaspora. The conversation provides a comprehensive examination of the historical legacy of Russian expansion in the Caucasus and its enduring consequences for Circassian communities today.