The thesis includes a comparatively high number of footnotes, figures, tables, and maps. This is partly due to the general lack of knowledge on Circassian Question and their historical background. It is also an acknowledgment of the importance of them when researching into the Circassians as dispersed ethnicity that often has been forgotten or disappeared from many history books in, for instance, Russia, Europe, and the Caucasus. I hope in the future with the publishing of this dissertation, we will see more researches and
papers on the Circassian Question in other academic centers.

At the first, I should draw your attention that by holding the Winter Olympic Games of Sochi in 2014, a lot of international attention came toward the Circassian Question and it was a kind of retake off this issue in the modern time. As a result, the planning of the Winter Olympics, an international mega-event, has generated an acceleration of an already ongoing transnational of the Circassian Question. A number of new Circassian organizations have appeared and a number of claims have been made a focus on a variety of issues ranging from new options for repatriation to the homeland to calls for recognition of the forced exile as an act of genocide in the 19th century.